Sinope? (Mithridates Eupator), gold, staters (93-84 BCE)
From SILVER
93 BCE - 84 BCE Gold 23,001 kg
Description
| ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.: | Diademed head right |
| ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.: | ΒΑΣΙΛΕΩΣ ΜΙΘΡΑΔΑΤΟΥ ΕΥΠΑΤΟΡΟΣ (Greek).Stag grazing left, all within Dionysiac wreath of ivy and fruit |
Mint and issuing power
| MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.: | Sinope | Ancient regionAncient region.: | Pontus | Modern countryModern country: Turkey | AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources: | Mithridates VI Eupator (king of the Pontic kingdom, c. 120-63 BC), Pontic kingdom |
Chronology
| FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context. | 93 BCE | toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.. | 84 BCE | PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Hellenistic 323-30 BC 
|
Physical description
| MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.: | Gold
|
Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams | 8.45 | DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.: | stater
|
StandardStandard.: | Attic |
Image
,_gold,_staters_(93-84_BCE).jpg)
H 194 - Uncertain mint (Mithridates Eupator), gold, staters (93-84 BCE).jpg [1]
References
| Die study referencePublication of the study: | Callataÿ 1997a1Callataÿ 1997a, Callataÿ 20142Callataÿ 2014 | ||
| Coin series referenceReference to coin series study: | Sear II3Sear II, n° 7246, RQEMH4RQEMH, n° 194, HGC 75HGC 7, n° 331-335 | ||
| Coin series web referenceCoin series web references: | |||
Obverse dies distribution
| FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution. ᵖ | Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | % (o) | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | % (n) | Die nameName(s) of the die(s). |
| 1 | 3 | 25 | 3 | 5.56 | 1, 2, 6 |
| 2 | 2 | 16.67 | 4 | 7.41 | 3, 8 |
| 4 | 3 | 25 | 12 | 22.22 | 5, 10, 12 |
| 5 | 1 | 8.33 | 5 | 9.26 | 9 |
| 6 | 1 | 8.33 | 6 | 11.11 | 11 |
| 8 | 1 | 8.33 | 8 | 14.81 | 4 |
| 16 | 1 | 8.33 | 16 | 29.63 | 7 |
| Total | 12 of 12 | 99.99 | 54 of 54 | 100 |
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
| Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | 12 | Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins. ᵖ | 3 |
| Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r) | 33 | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | 54 |
| Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o) | 4.5 | Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r) | 1.64 |
| Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o) | 2.75 | Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 25 % |
| Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983 ᵖ | 13.61 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000. ᵖ | 272,200 |
| Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011 ᵖ (O) | 15.43 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000. ᵖ | 0.00020 |
| Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O) ᵖ (o = % of O) | 94.44% | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000. ᵖ | 7,935.34 |
| Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum) ᵖ | 23,001 kg <br /> 23,001 kg | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000. ᵖ | 19,838.35 |
Remarks
Most likely one single workstation Certainly military
