Pharsalus, silver, drachms (425-350 BCE)

Die Studies Database

SILVER IDUnique ID of the page ^ᵖ: 8888

424 - 405/4 Silver 2,202 kg

Description

ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.:	Head of Athena right. Behind, letters.
ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.:	ΦAPΣ (Greek).

Mint and issuing power

MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.:

Pharsalus

Ancient regionAncient region.:

Thessaly

Modern countryModern country: Greece

AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources:

Chronology

FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.

424

toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context..

405/4

PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Classical 480-323 BC

Physical description

MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.:	Silver	DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.:	drachma	StandardStandard.:
Mode weightMode of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams).:	5,9-6,09<ul><li>No units of measurement were declared for this property.</li> <!--br--><li>",9-6,09" is not declared as a valid unit of measurement for this property.</li></ul>

References

Die study referencePublication of the study:	S. Lavva1S. Lavva, Die Münzprägung von Pharsalos, Saarbrücken, 2001, n° 78-109, 130-2, 137-8, 144-5, 152-9, 163.
Coin series referenceReference to coin series study:

Obverse dies distribution

FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution. ᵖ	Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o)	% (o)	Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n)	% (n)	Die nameName(s) of the die(s).
2	3	15.79	6	1.9	40, 44, 46
3	1	5.26	3	0.95	76
9	2	10.53	18	5.7	45, 51
13	1	5.26	13	4.11	48
14	1	5.26	14	4.43	43
16	2	10.53	32	10.13	47, 65
19	1	5.26	19	6.01	73
20	1	5.26	20	6.33	50
21	1	5.26	21	6.65	42
22	1	5.26	22	6.96	68
24	1	5.26	24	7.59	41
25	1	5.26	25	7.91	49
31	1	5.26	31	9.81	72
34	2	10.53	68	21.52	52, 61
Total	19 of 19	99.98	316 of 316	100

Reverse dies distribution

no distribution is available

Quantification

Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o)	19	Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins. ᵖ
Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r)	NC"NC" is not a number.	Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n)	316
Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o)	16.63	Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r)
Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o)		Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1) ᵖ	%
Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983 ᵖ	18.66	Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000. ᵖ	373,200
Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011 ᵖ (O)	20.22	Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000. ᵖ	0.00085
Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O) ᵖ (o = % of O)	%	Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000. ᵖ	33,869.24
Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum) ᵖ	0 kg <br /> 2,202 kg	Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000. ᵖ	84,673.1

Remarks