Taras, silver, didrachms (450-415 BCE): Difference between revisions
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{{Die Study | {{Die Study | ||
|Image=AC 21 - Taras, silver, didrachm, 450-415 BC.jpg | |||
|Image reference=https://pro.coinarchives.com/a/results.php?search=taras+450+415&s=0&results=100 | |||
|Obverse legend=TAPAΣ | |Obverse legend=TAPAΣ | ||
|Obverse legend language=Greek | |Obverse legend language=Greek | ||
|Obverse description=Dolphin rider l., with his r. hand outstretched, and an octopus in his l.; beneath, a cockle-shell. | |||
|Reverse description=Taras seated l., balancing a spindle on the back of his r. hand; an aryballos hangs from his l. wrist | |||
|Mint=Taras | |Mint=Taras | ||
|Date from=450 | |Ancient region=Calabria | ||
|Date to=415 | |Date from=450 BCE | ||
|Date to=415 BCE | |||
|Period=Classical | |Period=Classical | ||
|Metal=Silver | |Metal=Silver | ||
|Denomination=didrachm | |Denomination=didrachm | ||
| | |Median weight=7.50 | ||
|RQEM reference=RQMAC | |RQEM reference=RQMAC | ||
|RQEM reference number=21 | |RQEM reference number=21 | ||
|Die study reference=Fischer-Bossert 1999, groups 10-18 (varieties 134-284 : O70-O128 et R92-R216). | |||
|Coin series reference=Sear I, n° 329-331; RQEMAC, n° 21; HN Italy, n° 844-848 | |||
|Number of obverse dies=59 | |Number of obverse dies=59 | ||
|Number of singletons=8 | |Number of singletons=8 | ||
|Number of reverse dies=125 | |Number of reverse dies=125 | ||
|Number of coins=897 | |Number of coins=897 | ||
|Workstation=Most likely one single workstation | |||
|Purpose=Likely military | |||
|Remarks=Obverse 101 is linked to differrent Groups (15, n° 204 and 18, n° 281-282) | |||
}} | }} | ||
{{Distribution Item | {{Distribution Item | ||
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|Number of dies=1 | |Number of dies=1 | ||
|Die name=75 | |Die name=75 | ||
}} | |||
{{Distribution Item | |||
|Frequency=10 | |||
|Number of dies=1 | |||
|Die name=107 | |||
}} | |||
{{Distribution Item | |||
|Frequency=12 | |||
|Number of dies=1 | |||
|Die name=80 | |||
}} | |||
{{Distribution Item | |||
|Frequency=13 | |||
|Number of dies=1 | |||
|Die name=91 | |||
}} | |||
{{Distribution Item | |||
|Frequency=14 | |||
|Number of dies=1 | |||
|Die name=84 | |||
}} | |||
{{Distribution Item | |||
|Frequency=15 | |||
|Number of dies=3 | |||
|Die name=79,81,109 | |||
}} | |||
{{Distribution Item | |||
|Frequency=16 | |||
|Number of dies=3 | |||
|Die name=82,98,128 | |||
}} | |||
{{Distribution Item | |||
|Frequency=17 | |||
|Number of dies=1 | |||
|Die name=88 | |||
}} | |||
{{Distribution Item | |||
|Frequency=18 | |||
|Number of dies=1 | |||
|Die name=110 | |||
}} | |||
{{Distribution Item | |||
|Frequency=19 | |||
|Number of dies=1 | |||
|Die name=89 | |||
}} | |||
{{Distribution Item | |||
|Frequency=20 | |||
|Number of dies=1 | |||
|Die name=85 | |||
}} | |||
{{Distribution Item | |||
|Frequency=21 | |||
|Number of dies=2 | |||
|Die name=78,106 | |||
}} | |||
{{Distribution Item | |||
|Frequency=22 | |||
|Number of dies=1 | |||
|Die name=117 | |||
}} | |||
{{Distribution Item | |||
|Frequency=25 | |||
|Number of dies=2 | |||
|Die name=77,126 | |||
}} | |||
{{Distribution Item | |||
|Frequency=26 | |||
|Number of dies=1 | |||
|Die name=111 | |||
}} | |||
{{Distribution Item | |||
|Frequency=27 | |||
|Number of dies=1 | |||
|Die name=119 | |||
}} | |||
{{Distribution Item | |||
|Frequency=30 | |||
|Number of dies=1 | |||
|Die name=120 | |||
}} | |||
{{Distribution Item | |||
|Frequency=32 | |||
|Number of dies=1 | |||
|Die name=118 | |||
}} | |||
{{Distribution Item | |||
|Frequency=35 | |||
|Number of dies=1 | |||
|Die name=83 | |||
}} | |||
{{Distribution Item | |||
|Frequency=42 | |||
|Number of dies=1 | |||
|Die name=124 | |||
}} | |||
{{Distribution Item | |||
|Frequency=43 | |||
|Number of dies=2 | |||
|Die name=116,101 | |||
}} | |||
{{Distribution Item | |||
|Frequency=44 | |||
|Number of dies=1 | |||
|Die name=127 | |||
}} | |||
{{Distribution Item | |||
|Frequency=47 | |||
|Number of dies=1 | |||
|Die name=125 | |||
}} | |||
{{Distribution Item | |||
|Frequency=49 | |||
|Number of dies=1 | |||
|Die name=113 | |||
}} | |||
{{Distribution Item | |||
|Frequency=58 | |||
|Number of dies=1 | |||
|Die name=123 | |||
}} | }} |
Latest revision as of 05:53, 19 May 2023
450 BCE - 415 BCE Silver 8,732 kg
Description
ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.: | TAPAΣ (Greek).Dolphin rider l., with his r. hand outstretched, and an octopus in his l., beneath, a cockle-shell. |
ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.: | Taras seated l., balancing a spindle on the back of his r. hand, an aryballos hangs from his l. wrist |
Mint and issuing power
MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.: | Taras | Ancient regionAncient region.: | Calabria | Modern countryModern country: Italy | AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources: |
Chronology
FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context. | 450 BCE | toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.. | 415 BCE | PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Classical 480-323 BC ![]() |
Physical description
MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.: | Silver ![]() |
Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams | 7.50 | DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.: | didrachm ![]() |
StandardStandard.: |
Image

AC 21 - Taras, silver, didrachm, 450-415 BC.jpg [1]
References
Die study referencePublication of the study: | Fischer-Bossert 19991Fischer-Bossert 1999, groups 10-18 (varieties 134-284 : O70-O128 et R92-R216). | ||
Coin series referenceReference to coin series study: | Sear I2Sear I, n° 329-331, RQEMAC3RQEMAC, n° 21, HN Italy4HN Italy, n° 844-848 |
Obverse dies distribution
FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution. ᵖ | Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | % (o) | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | % (n) | Die nameName(s) of the die(s). |
1 | 8 | 13.56 | 8 | 0.89 | 72, 90, 100, 104, 105, 108, 115, 122 |
2 | 5 | 8.47 | 10 | 1.11 | 86, 87, 103, 112, 114 |
3 | 5 | 8.47 | 15 | 1.67 | 71, 93, 97, 102, 121 |
4 | 2 | 3.39 | 8 | 0.89 | 95, 96 |
5 | 2 | 3.39 | 10 | 1.11 | 92, 99 |
6 | 3 | 5.08 | 18 | 2.01 | 73, 74, 94 |
7 | 2 | 3.39 | 14 | 1.56 | 70, 76 |
8 | 1 | 1.69 | 8 | 0.89 | 75 |
10 | 1 | 1.69 | 10 | 1.11 | 107 |
12 | 1 | 1.69 | 12 | 1.34 | 80 |
13 | 1 | 1.69 | 13 | 1.45 | 91 |
14 | 1 | 1.69 | 14 | 1.56 | 84 |
15 | 3 | 5.08 | 45 | 5.02 | 79, 81, 109 |
16 | 3 | 5.08 | 48 | 5.35 | 82, 98, 128 |
17 | 1 | 1.69 | 17 | 1.9 | 88 |
18 | 1 | 1.69 | 18 | 2.01 | 110 |
19 | 1 | 1.69 | 19 | 2.12 | 89 |
20 | 1 | 1.69 | 20 | 2.23 | 85 |
21 | 2 | 3.39 | 42 | 4.68 | 78, 106 |
22 | 1 | 1.69 | 22 | 2.45 | 117 |
25 | 2 | 3.39 | 50 | 5.57 | 77, 126 |
26 | 1 | 1.69 | 26 | 2.9 | 111 |
27 | 1 | 1.69 | 27 | 3.01 | 119 |
30 | 1 | 1.69 | 30 | 3.34 | 120 |
32 | 1 | 1.69 | 32 | 3.57 | 118 |
35 | 1 | 1.69 | 35 | 3.9 | 83 |
42 | 1 | 1.69 | 42 | 4.68 | 124 |
43 | 2 | 3.39 | 86 | 9.59 | 116, 101 |
44 | 1 | 1.69 | 44 | 4.91 | 127 |
47 | 1 | 1.69 | 47 | 5.24 | 125 |
49 | 1 | 1.69 | 49 | 5.46 | 113 |
58 | 1 | 1.69 | 58 | 6.47 | 123 |
Total | 59 of 59 | 99.88 | 897 of 897 | 99.99 |
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | 59 | Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins. ᵖ | 8 |
Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r) | 125 | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | 897 |
Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o) | 15.2 | Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r) | 7.18 |
Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o) | 2.12 | Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 13.56 % |
Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983 ᵖ | 58.21 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000. ᵖ | 1,164,200 |
Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011 ᵖ (O) | 63.15 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000. ᵖ | 0.00077 |
Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O) ᵖ (o = % of O) | 99.11% | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000. ᵖ | 30,819.45 |
Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum) ᵖ | 8,732 kg <br /> 8,732 kg | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000. ᵖ | 77,048.62 |
Remarks
Most likely one single workstation Likely military Obverse 101 is linked to differrent Groups (15, n° 204 and 18, n° 281-282)