Syracuse, silver, decadrachms (quadriga/Arethusa Evainetos) (404-400 BCE)

SILVER IDUnique ID of the page ^ᵖ: 7850

405 - 380 Silver 20,351 kg

Description

ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.:
ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.:	ΣYPAKOΣIΩN (Greek).

Mint and issuing power

MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.:

Syracuse

Ancient regionAncient region.:

Sicily

Modern countryModern country: Italy

AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources:

Chronology

FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.

405

toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context..

380

PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Classical ^{480-323 BC}

Physical description

MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.:	Silver	DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.:	decadrachm	StandardStandard.:
Mode weightMode of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams).:	43,2-39<ul><li>No units of measurement were declared for this property.</li> <!--br--><li>",2-39" is not declared as a valid unit of measurement for this property.</li></ul>

References

Die study referencePublication of the study:	A. Gallatin1A. Gallatin, Syracusan Dekadrachms of the Euainetos Type, Cambridge, 1930.
Coin series referenceReference to coin series study:

Obverse dies distribution

FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution. ^ᵖ	Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ^ᵖ (o)	% (o)	Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n)	% (n)	Die nameName(s) of the die(s).
1	1	4.17	1	0.24	1
2	3	12.5	6	1.42	18, 20, 24
3	1	4.17	3	0.71	13
4	1	4.17	4	0.94	5
5	1	4.17	5	1.18	16
7	2	8.33	14	3.3	10, 19
11	2	8.33	22	5.19	12, 17
13	1	4.17	13	3.07	15
14	2	8.33	28	6.6	21, 23
15	1	4.17	15	3.54	2
20	2	8.33	40	9.43	7, 8
23	1	4.17	23	5.42	22
25	1	4.17	25	5.9	11
37	1	4.17	37	8.73	6
42	1	4.17	42	9.91	3
44	1	4.17	44	10.38	14
48	1	4.17	48	11.32	4
54	1	4.17	54	12.74	9
Total	24 of 24	100.03	424 of 424	100.02

Reverse dies distribution

no distribution is available

Quantification

Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ^ᵖ (o)	24	Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins. ^ᵖ	1
Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r)	44	Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n)	426
Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o)	17.75	Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r)	9.68
Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o)	1.83	Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1) ^ᵖ	4.17 %
Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983 ^ᵖ	23.49	Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000. ^ᵖ	469,800
Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011 ^ᵖ (O)	25.43	Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000. ^ᵖ	0.00090
Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O) ^ᵖ (o = % of O)	99.77%	Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000. ^ᵖ	36,270.75
Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum) ^ᵖ	0 kg <br /> 20,351 kg	Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000. ^ᵖ	90,676.88

Remarks

References

^ A. Gallatin