Sinope? (Mithridates Eupator), silver, tetradrachms (88-64 BCE)

Die Studies Database

SILVER IDUnique ID of the page ^ᵖ: 4767

88 BCE - 64 BCE Silver 37,488 kg

Description

ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.:	Diademed head of Mithradates VI right, with windswept hair
ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.:	ΒΑΣΙΛΕΩΣ ΜΙΘΡΑΔΑΤΟΥ ΕΥΠΑΤΟΡΟΣ (Greek).Stag standing left on ground line, head lowered to graze, star within crescent above, all within ivy wreath

Mint and issuing power

MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.:

Sinope

Ancient regionAncient region.:

Pontus

Modern countryModern country: Turkey

AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources:

Mithridates VI Eupator (king of the Pontic kingdom, c. 120-63 BC)

Chronology

FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.

88 BCE

toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context..

64 BCE

PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Hellenistic 323-30 BC

Physical description

MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.:	Silver	DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.:	Tetradrachm	StandardStandard.:	Attic
Mode weightMode of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams).:	16.70-79<ul><li>No units of measurement were declared for this property.</li> <!--br--><li>"-79" is not declared as a valid unit of measurement for this property.</li></ul>

Image

H 196 - Uncertain mint (Mithridates Eupator), silver, tetradrachms (88-64 BCE).jpg [1]

References

Die study referencePublication of the study:	Callataÿ 19971Callataÿ 1997, Callataÿ 20142Callataÿ 2014
Coin series referenceReference to coin series study:

Obverse dies distribution

FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution. ᵖ	Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o)	% (o)	Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n)	% (n)	Die nameName(s) of the die(s).
1	31	35.23	31	11.79	2, 6, 7, 9, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 19, 20, 25, 31, 35, 36, 40, 41, 44, 51, 64, 68, 69, 71, 72, 73, 74, 76, 78, 3, 8
2	15	17.05	30	11.41	22, 26, 29, 43, 47, 50, 55, 58, 59, 63, 65, 75, 77, 1, 4
3	17	19.32	51	19.39	1, 8, 10, 11, 12, 21, 23, 24, 28, 33, 38, 42, 45, 46, 57, 66, 70
4	11	12.5	44	16.73	30, 32, 39, 53, 54, 60, 62, 67, 2, 5, 7
5	5	5.68	25	9.51	4, 18, 37, 56, 6
6	3	3.41	18	6.84	27, 49, 52
8	1	1.14	8	3.04	61
10	2	2.27	20	7.6	5, 34
12	3	3.41	36	13.69	3, 48, 1
Total	88 of 88	100.01	263 of 263	100

Reverse dies distribution

no distribution is available

Quantification

Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o)	88	Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins. ᵖ	31
Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r)	191	Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n)	263
Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o)	2.99	Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r)	1.38
Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o)	2.17	Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1) ᵖ	35.23 %
Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983 ᵖ	112.24	Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000. ᵖ	2,244,800
Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011 ᵖ (O)	132.25	Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000. ᵖ	0.00012
Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O) ᵖ (o = % of O)	88.21%	Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000. ᵖ	4,686.39
Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum) ᵖ	0 kg <br /> 37,488 kg	Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000. ᵖ	11,715.97

Remarks