Tralles, silver, cistophori (166-89 BCE) Carbone
From SILVER
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m (Callatay moved page S 1728 Tralles, silver, cistophori (166-89 BCE) Carbone to Tralles, silver, cistophori (166-89 BCE) Carbone) |
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|Die study reference=Carbone 2020, p. 125-142 | |Die study reference=Carbone 2020, p. 125-142 | ||
|Coin series reference=Sear II, n° 4745-4747, 4750 | |Coin series reference=Sear II, n° 4745-4747, 4750 | ||
+ | |Coin series web reference=https://greekcoinage.org/iris/id/tralles_kleiner_noe_1977_1a; https://greekcoinage.org/iris/id/tralles_kleiner_noe_1977_36 | ||
+ | |Number of obverse dies=108 | ||
+ | |Number of singletons=27 | ||
+ | |Number of reverse dies=270 | ||
+ | |Number of coins=460 | ||
+ | |Workstation=Most likely one single workstation | ||
+ | |Purpose=Likely military | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{Distribution Item | {{Distribution Item | ||
|Frequency=1 | |Frequency=1 | ||
− | |Die name=1,2,4,5,8,11,12,13,15,16,17,19,24,26,28,33,34 | + | |Number of dies=27 |
+ | |Die name=1,2,4,5,8,11,12,13,15,16,17,19,24,26,28,33,34,54,57,61,65,67,73,83,92,93,94 | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{Distribution Item | {{Distribution Item | ||
|Frequency=2 | |Frequency=2 | ||
− | |Die name=3,7,9,10,14,29 | + | |Number of dies=23 |
+ | |Die name=3,7,9,10,14,29,46,47,48,53,58,62,64,78,79,86,88,89,95,96,101,104,108 | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{Distribution Item | {{Distribution Item | ||
|Frequency=3 | |Frequency=3 | ||
− | |Die name=6,22,25,30,35,36,40 | + | |Number of dies=14 |
+ | |Die name=6,22,25,30,35,36,40,45,51,56,77,81,99,105 | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{Distribution Item | {{Distribution Item | ||
|Frequency=4 | |Frequency=4 | ||
− | |Die name=31 | + | |Number of dies=12 |
+ | |Die name=31,44,49,63,74,75,76,87,91,97,100,107 | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{Distribution Item | {{Distribution Item | ||
|Frequency=5 | |Frequency=5 | ||
− | |Die name=27,38 | + | |Number of dies=11 |
+ | |Die name=27,38,50,55,60,70,71,80,90,98,103 | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{Distribution Item | {{Distribution Item | ||
|Frequency=6 | |Frequency=6 | ||
− | |Die name=23 | + | |Number of dies=4 |
+ | |Die name=23,52,66,72 | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{Distribution Item | {{Distribution Item | ||
|Frequency=7 | |Frequency=7 | ||
− | |Die name=32 | + | |Number of dies=3 |
+ | |Die name=32,82,85 | ||
+ | }} | ||
+ | {{Distribution Item | ||
+ | |Frequency=8 | ||
+ | |Number of dies=4 | ||
+ | |Die name=59,69,84,106 | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{Distribution Item | {{Distribution Item | ||
|Frequency=9 | |Frequency=9 | ||
− | |Die name=37 | + | |Number of dies=2 |
+ | |Die name=37,102 | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{Distribution Item | {{Distribution Item | ||
|Frequency=10 | |Frequency=10 | ||
+ | |Number of dies=1 | ||
|Die name=21 | |Die name=21 | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{Distribution Item | {{Distribution Item | ||
|Frequency=11 | |Frequency=11 | ||
− | |Die name=39 | + | |Number of dies=2 |
+ | |Die name=39,68 | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{Distribution Item | {{Distribution Item | ||
|Frequency=12 | |Frequency=12 | ||
+ | |Number of dies=1 | ||
|Die name=20 | |Die name=20 | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{Distribution Item | {{Distribution Item | ||
|Frequency=15 | |Frequency=15 | ||
+ | |Number of dies=1 | ||
|Die name=18 | |Die name=18 | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{Distribution Item | {{Distribution Item | ||
|Frequency=17 | |Frequency=17 | ||
+ | |Number of dies=1 | ||
|Die name=41 | |Die name=41 | ||
+ | }} | ||
+ | {{Distribution Item | ||
+ | |Frequency=35 | ||
+ | |Number of dies=1 | ||
+ | |Die name=42 | ||
+ | }} | ||
+ | {{Distribution Item | ||
+ | |Frequency=36 | ||
+ | |Number of dies=1 | ||
+ | |Die name=43 | ||
}} | }} |
Latest revision as of 21:02, 8 July 2023
166 BCE - 89 BCE Silver 31,491 kg
Description
ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.: | Snake emerging l. from half-open cista mystica, all within ivy wreath |
ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.: | TPAΛ (Greek).Bow in case between two serpents with intertwined tails, TPAΛ to l., cult statue of Artemis to r., TIME above |
Mint and issuing power
MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.: | Tralles | Ancient regionAncient region.: | Lydia | Modern countryModern country: Turkey | AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources: | Attalid Kingdom, Roman Republic |
Chronology
FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context. | 166 BCE | toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.. | 89 BCE | PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Hellenistic 323-30 BC |
Physical description
MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.: | Silver | Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams | 12.70 | DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.: | cistophorus | StandardStandard.: | Cistophoric |
References
Die study referencePublication of the study: | Carbone 20201 | ||
Coin series referenceReference to coin series study: | Sear II2 | ||
Coin series web referenceCoin series web references: |
Obverse dies distribution
FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution. ᵖ | Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | % (o) | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | % (n) | Die nameName(s) of the die(s). |
1 | 27 | 25 | 27 | 5.87 | 1, 2, 4, 5, 8, 11, 12, 13, 15, 16, 17, 19, 24, 26, 28, 33, 34, 54, 57, 61, 65, 67, 73, 83, 92, 93, 94 |
2 | 23 | 21.3 | 46 | 10 | 3, 7, 9, 10, 14, 29, 46, 47, 48, 53, 58, 62, 64, 78, 79, 86, 88, 89, 95, 96, 101, 104, 108 |
3 | 14 | 12.96 | 42 | 9.13 | 6, 22, 25, 30, 35, 36, 40, 45, 51, 56, 77, 81, 99, 105 |
4 | 12 | 11.11 | 48 | 10.43 | 31, 44, 49, 63, 74, 75, 76, 87, 91, 97, 100, 107 |
5 | 11 | 10.19 | 55 | 11.96 | 27, 38, 50, 55, 60, 70, 71, 80, 90, 98, 103 |
6 | 4 | 3.7 | 24 | 5.22 | 23, 52, 66, 72 |
7 | 3 | 2.78 | 21 | 4.57 | 32, 82, 85 |
8 | 4 | 3.7 | 32 | 6.96 | 59, 69, 84, 106 |
9 | 2 | 1.85 | 18 | 3.91 | 37, 102 |
10 | 1 | 0.93 | 10 | 2.17 | 21 |
11 | 2 | 1.85 | 22 | 4.78 | 39, 68 |
12 | 1 | 0.93 | 12 | 2.61 | 20 |
15 | 1 | 0.93 | 15 | 3.26 | 18 |
17 | 1 | 0.93 | 17 | 3.7 | 41 |
35 | 1 | 0.93 | 35 | 7.61 | 42 |
36 | 1 | 0.93 | 36 | 7.83 | 43 |
Total | 108 of 108 | 100.02 | 460 of 460 | 100.01 |
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | 108 | Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins. ᵖ | 27 |
Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r) | 270 | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | 460 |
Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o) | 4.26 | Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r) | 1.7 |
Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o) | 2.5 | Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 25 % |
Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983 ᵖ | 123.98 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000. ᵖ | 2,479,600 |
Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011 ᵖ (O) | 141.14 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000. ᵖ | 0.00019 |
Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O) ᵖ (o = % of O) | 94.13% | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000. ᵖ | 7,420.55 |
Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum) ᵖ | 31,491 kg <br /> 31,491 kg | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000. ᵖ | 18,551.38 |
Remarks
Most likely one single workstation Likely military