Tarsus (Pharnabazus), silver, double sigloi (Heracles/Ares) (385-375 BCE)
From SILVER
385 - 383 ? Silver 211 kg
Description
ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.: | HLK (ie. HiLiK : Cicilia) (Aramean). |
ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.: | TEPΣIKON (Greek). |
Mint and issuing power
MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.: | Tarsus | Ancient regionAncient region.: | Cilicia | Modern countryModern country: Turkey | AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources: | Pharnabazus II (Achaemenid Persian Satrap in Asia Minor, c. 413-374 BC) |
Chronology
FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context. | 385 | toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.. | 383 ? | PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Classical 480-323 BC ![]() |
Physical description
MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.: | Silver ![]() |
DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.: | stater ![]() |
StandardStandard.: | |
Mode weightMode of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams).: | 10,6-79<ul><li>No units of measurement were declared for this property.</li> <!--br--><li>",6-79" is not declared as a valid unit of measurement for this property.</li></ul> |
References
Die study referencePublication of the study: | Fr. de Callataÿ1Fr. de Callataÿ, "Les monnayages ciliciens du premier quart du IVe s. av. J.-C.", dans O. Casabonne (éd.), Mécanismes et innovations monétaires dans l’Anatolie achéménide. Numismatique et histoire. Actes de la Table Ronde Internationale d’Istanbul, 22-23 mai 1997, Paris, 2000, p. 93-127, pl. IX-XV. | ||
Coin series referenceReference to coin series study: |
Obverse dies distribution
FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution. ᵖ | Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | % (o) | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | % (n) | Die nameName(s) of the die(s). |
19 | 1 | 100 | 19 | 100 | 1 |
Total | 1 of 1 | 100 | 19 of 19 | 100 |
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | 1 | Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins. ᵖ | |
Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r) | 6 | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | 19 |
Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o) | 19 | Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r) | 3.17 |
Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o) | 6 | Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | % |
Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983 ᵖ | 0.98 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000. ᵖ | 19,600 |
Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011 ᵖ (O) | 1.06 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000. ᵖ | 0.00097 |
Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O) ᵖ (o = % of O) | % | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000. ᵖ | 38,775.51 |
Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum) ᵖ | 0 kg <br /> 211 kg | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000. ᵖ | 96,938.78 |
Remarks
References
- ^ Fr. de Callataÿ