Sinope? (Mithridates Eupator), silver, tetradrachms (88-64 BCE)
From SILVER
88 BCE - 64 BCE Silver 37,488 kg
Description
| ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.: | Diademed head of Mithradates VI right, with windswept hair |
| ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.: | ΒΑΣΙΛΕΩΣ ΜΙΘΡΑΔΑΤΟΥ ΕΥΠΑΤΟΡΟΣ (Greek).Stag standing left on ground line, head lowered to graze, star within crescent above, all within ivy wreath |
Mint and issuing power
| MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.: | Sinope | Ancient regionAncient region.: | Pontus | Modern countryModern country: Turkey | AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources: | Mithridates VI Eupator (king of the Pontic kingdom, c. 120-63 BC), Pontic kingdom |
Chronology
| FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context. | 88 BCE | toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.. | 64 BCE | PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Hellenistic 323-30 BC 
|
Physical description
| MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.: | Silver
|
Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams | 16.70 | DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.: | Tetradrachm | StandardStandard.: | Attic |
Image
,_silver,_tetradrachms_(88-64_BCE).jpg)
H 196 - Uncertain mint (Mithridates Eupator), silver, tetradrachms (88-64 BCE).jpg [1]
References
| Die study referencePublication of the study: | Callataÿ 1997a1Callataÿ 1997a, Callataÿ 20142Callataÿ 2014 | ||
| Coin series referenceReference to coin series study: | Sear II3Sear II, n° 7247 and 7249, RQEMH4RQEMH, n° 196, HGC 75HGC 7, n° 340-342 | ||
| Coin series web referenceCoin series web references: | |||
Obverse dies distribution
| FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution. ᵖ | Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | % (o) | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | % (n) | Die nameName(s) of the die(s). |
| 1 | 31 | 35.23 | 31 | 11.79 | 2, 6, 7, 9, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 19, 20, 25, 31, 35, 36, 40, 41, 44, 51, 64, 68, 69, 71, 72, 73, 74, 76, 78, 3, 8 |
| 2 | 15 | 17.05 | 30 | 11.41 | 22, 26, 29, 43, 47, 50, 55, 58, 59, 63, 65, 75, 77, 1, 4 |
| 3 | 17 | 19.32 | 51 | 19.39 | 1, 8, 10, 11, 12, 21, 23, 24, 28, 33, 38, 42, 45, 46, 57, 66, 70 |
| 4 | 11 | 12.5 | 44 | 16.73 | 30, 32, 39, 53, 54, 60, 62, 67, 2, 5, 7 |
| 5 | 5 | 5.68 | 25 | 9.51 | 4, 18, 37, 56, 6 |
| 6 | 3 | 3.41 | 18 | 6.84 | 27, 49, 52 |
| 8 | 1 | 1.14 | 8 | 3.04 | 61 |
| 10 | 2 | 2.27 | 20 | 7.6 | 5, 34 |
| 12 | 3 | 3.41 | 36 | 13.69 | 3, 48, 1 |
| Total | 88 of 88 | 100.01 | 263 of 263 | 100 |
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
| Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | 88 | Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins. ᵖ | 31 |
| Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r) | 191 | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | 263 |
| Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o) | 2.99 | Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r) | 1.38 |
| Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o) | 2.17 | Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 35.23 % |
| Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983 ᵖ | 112.24 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000. ᵖ | 2,244,800 |
| Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011 ᵖ (O) | 132.25 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000. ᵖ | 0.00012 |
| Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O) ᵖ (o = % of O) | 88.21% | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000. ᵖ | 4,686.39 |
| Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum) ᵖ | 37,488 kg <br /> 37,488 kg | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000. ᵖ | 11,715.97 |
Remarks
Most likely one single workstation
